Ecology of consumption. People: Remember the last time you heard the name Makarenko mentioned? In connection with some serious article on the topic of education ...

Remember the last time you heard the name Makarenko mentioned? In connection with any serious article on the upbringing of the younger generation? In any public discussion about education? I doubt it. Most likely in an ordinary conversation in an ironic context: they say, also to me, Makarenko was found ...
1988 by a special decision of UNESCO was declared the year of Makarenko in connection with its 100th anniversary. Then the names of four great teachers who determined the way of pedagogical thinking of the 20th century were named - these are A. S. Makarenko, D. Dewey, M. Montessori and G. Kershensteiner.
Makarenko’s works have been translated into almost all languages ​​of the world’s peoples, and his main work, “Pedagogical Poem” (1935), is compared with the best education novels by J. Zh. Russo, I. Goethe, L. N. Tolstoy. She is also named one of the ten most significant books on the education of the XX century. Is this not evidence of international respect and recognition of merit?

And in Russia, ten years ago, by the 115th anniversary of Makarenko, 10,000 copies of the first full edition of The Pedagogical Poem were released. You say, what a strange circulation for a multi-million reading country? However, publishers are still racking their brains on how to implement a “non-selling” book.
Out of date? Inactively? Probably, there were no unsolved problems in pedagogy, well-mannered girls and boys obediently go to school, and children's crime is at zero?
Almost a hundred years ago, graduating from the Poltava Teachers' Institute, Makarenko wrote a diploma on the theme “The crisis of modern pedagogy”. Who will take the liberty of claiming that now the situation has fundamentally changed?
He was a strange person, this Makarenko. After working for two years in a normal school, a quiet, modest history teacher leaves everything and goes to work as director of a juvenile delinquency colony near Poltava. He led it from 1920 to 1928 and comprehended the pedagogy of re-education in combat conditions, like a soldier on the battlefield.
What moved this man? After all, it was obvious that with his decisive action he puts an end to a calm measured life. Maybe the very active life position, which has become unfashionable to talk about lately?
In the early 1920s, Russia, which survived the revolution and civil war, had more than 7 million street children. They represented a great social misfortune and danger. A. Makarenko made a huge contribution to the fight against child crime and homelessness.
The re-education system invented by him with useful productive work in the team turned a bunch of juvenile criminals into a close-knit, united team. In the colony there were no guards, fences, punishment cells. The most severe punishment was a boycott, which was rarely resorted to. When the next homeless man was brought under guard, he took the child and categorically refused to accept his personal file. This is the well-known Makarenkovsky principle of advancement of the good in man! "We do not want to know anything bad about you. A new life begins!"
These numbers are hard to believe, but fact is a stubborn thing. More than 3,000 homeless children passed through Makarenko’s hands, and not one (!) Returned to the criminal path, everyone found their way in life, became people. No correctional institution in the world has been able to achieve such results. No wonder he is called not only a theorist, but also a practitioner of mass and rapid re-education.
Makarenko was sure that only work to his liking, and not sewing gloves and gluing boxes contributes to the successful re-education. From 1928 to 1936 he led the labor commune. Dzerzhinsky and from scratch builds two factories for the production of electromechanics and photodiode cameras, i.e. high-tech of his time. Children were able to master complex technologies, successfully worked and produced products that are in great demand. Bravely, right? Try to imagine a colony for juvenile delinquents that produces antivirus programs or computer consoles!
He was an amazing person, this Makarenko. Completely freed from military service due to poor health - a congenital heart disease, terrible shortsightedness and a whole bunch of diseases - he loved military uniforms, discipline, and army order.
Having a completely unpresentable appearance - round glasses with thick glasses, a large nose, a quiet hoarse voice - was a success with beautiful women. His laconic and slow, adored by the pupils and were so jealous of him that he decided not to marry, so as not to injure them. By the way, he did so: only having left the pedagogical work, he signed with his common-law wife.
He loved children, but unfortunately did not have his own, but he raised two foster children. The girl, the daughter of a brother, the White Guard, who managed to emigrate to France, subsequently became the mother of the famous actress Ekaterina Vasilyeva. And he maintained relations with his beloved brother until 1937, when his wife, exhausted by the constant fear of arrest, demanded that the correspondence be stopped.
He died of a heart failure at the age of 51, and it was a hard blow for world pedagogy. The Makarenko system is being studied and appreciated throughout the world. So, in Japan, his works are reprinted in mass editions and are considered mandatory literature for business leaders. Almost all firms are built on the patterns of the colonies of Makarenko.
The system returns to Russia in the form of foreign methods of “brainstorming,” “teamwork skills,” team building, and “enhancing employee motivation." All this is studied hard at all kinds of trainings and seminars, moreover, for a lot of money. Or maybe it’s easier to read the source?
Violating the laws of the genre, I, unfortunately, can not answer the question posed in the title of the article. Let him join two other favorite questions of the Russian intelligentsia "What to do?" and "Who is to blame? published econet.ru
Author: Andrey Dutov

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